On 4 November, the South African parliament’s Energy Portfolio Committee recommended ratification of the Grand Inga Hydro Project Treaty, which was signed in October 2013 in Kinshasa and approved by South Africa’s cabinet on 22 August 2014.The committee’s decision followed a presentation of the treaty and a parliamentary debate. The Department of Energy (DoE) said the Congolese authorities planned to put in place the implementing Agence pour le Développement et la Promotion du Site d’Inga, by year-end, but it conceded that delays could not be ruled out and recommended that an interim structure should be created.